Describe ‘Personal Allowance’ in the UK tax system.

The concept of ‘Personal Allowance’ in the UK tax system refers to a specific amount of income that an individual can earn each tax year without being subject to income tax. This allowance is essential as it establishes a tax-free threshold, meaning that individuals will not pay tax on income earned up to this limit.

For example, each tax year, the government sets a Personal Allowance limit, which can vary depending on the individual's circumstances, such as their age or income level. This means individuals can retain more of their earnings without the burden of tax, effectively promoting a fairer tax system and supporting low to middle-income earners.

Furthermore, the Personal Allowance can be adjusted based on income; for high earners, the allowance may diminish progressively. This principle ensures that the tax system remains equitable, providing relief where necessary. In summary, the Personal Allowance serves as a foundational element of the UK tax code, allowing individuals to shield a portion of their income from taxation, thus promoting financial well-being among taxpayers.